wordEncoding

Модель кодирования слов для сопоставления слов с индексами и назад

Описание

Кодировка слова преобразует слова в словарь в числовые индексы.

Чтобы кодировать документы как матрицы счетчиков слов или n-граммов, используйте encode.

Создание

Описание

пример

enc = wordEncoding(documents) создает кодировку слова из слов в documents.

пример

enc = wordEncoding(words) создает кодировку слова из массива слов.

пример

enc = wordEncoding(documents,Name,Value) задает дополнительные опции, используя один или несколько аргументы пары "имя-значение". Для примера, 'Order','frequency' присваивает более низкие индексы более частым словам.

Входные параметры

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Входные документы, заданные как tokenizedDocument массив.

Входы слова, заданные как вектор строки, вектор символов или массив ячеек векторов символов. Если вы задаете words как вектор символов, тогда функция обрабатывает аргумент как одно слово.

Типы данных: string | char | cell

Аргументы в виде пар имя-значение

Задайте необязательные разделенные разделенными запятой парами Name,Value аргументы. Name - имя аргумента и Value - соответствующее значение. Name должны находиться внутри кавычек. Можно задать несколько аргументов в виде пар имен и значений в любом порядке Name1,Value1,...,NameN,ValueN.

Пример: 'Order','frequency' сортировка индексов по общей частоте в документах в порядке убывания.

Сортировка индексов, заданная как разделенная разделенными запятой парами, состоящая из 'Order' и одно из следующих:

  • 'first-seen' - Присвоение индексов словам в том порядке, в котором они происходят в документах.

  • 'frequency' - Присвоение индексов словам, отсортированным по общей частоте в документах в порядке убывания.

Если 'Order' является 'frequency' и несколько слов имеют ту же частоту, тогда функция не присваивает индексы в каком-либо конкретном порядке.

Максимальное количество слов для кодирования, заданное как положительное целое или Inf. Функция сначала сортирует индексы согласно 'Order' Опция и затем кодирует верхнюю часть MaxNumWords слова. Если MaxNumWords является Inf, затем функция кодирует все слова в вход документах.

Свойства

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Количество слов в модели, заданное как неотрицательное целое число.

Уникальные слова в модели, заданные как строковый вектор.

Типы данных: string

Функции объекта

ind2wordСопоставьте индекс кодировки со словом
word2indСопоставить слово с индексом кодирования
isVocabularyWordПроверяйте, является ли слово представителем встраивания или кодирования слов

Примеры

свернуть все

Загрузите данные примера. Файл sonnetsPreprocessed.txt содержит предварительно обработанные версии сонетов Шекспира. Файл содержит по одному сонету на линию со словами, разделенными пространством. Извлеките текст из sonnetsPreprocessed.txtразделите текст на документы в символах новой строки, а затем пометьте его токеном.

filename = "sonnetsPreprocessed.txt";
str = extractFileText(filename);
textData = split(str,newline);
documents = tokenizedDocument(textData);
documents(1:10)
ans = 
  10x1 tokenizedDocument:

    70 tokens: fairest creatures desire increase thereby beautys rose might never die riper time decease tender heir might bear memory thou contracted thine own bright eyes feedst thy lights flame selfsubstantial fuel making famine abundance lies thy self thy foe thy sweet self cruel thou art worlds fresh ornament herald gaudy spring thine own bud buriest thy content tender churl makst waste niggarding pity world else glutton eat worlds due grave thee
    71 tokens: forty winters shall besiege thy brow dig deep trenches thy beautys field thy youths proud livery gazed tatterd weed small worth held asked thy beauty lies treasure thy lusty days say thine own deep sunken eyes alleating shame thriftless praise praise deservd thy beautys thou couldst answer fair child mine shall sum count make old excuse proving beauty succession thine new made thou art old thy blood warm thou feelst cold
    65 tokens: look thy glass tell face thou viewest time face form another whose fresh repair thou renewest thou dost beguile world unbless mother fair whose uneard womb disdains tillage thy husbandry fond tomb selflove stop posterity thou art thy mothers glass thee calls back lovely april prime thou windows thine age shalt despite wrinkles thy golden time thou live rememberd die single thine image dies thee
    71 tokens: unthrifty loveliness why dost thou spend upon thy self thy beautys legacy natures bequest gives nothing doth lend frank lends free beauteous niggard why dost thou abuse bounteous largess thee give profitless usurer why dost thou great sum sums yet canst live traffic thy self alone thou thy self thy sweet self dost deceive nature calls thee gone acceptable audit canst thou leave thy unused beauty tombed thee lives th executor
    61 tokens: hours gentle work frame lovely gaze every eye doth dwell play tyrants same unfair fairly doth excel neverresting time leads summer hideous winter confounds sap checked frost lusty leaves quite gone beauty oersnowed bareness every summers distillation left liquid prisoner pent walls glass beautys effect beauty bereft nor nor remembrance flowers distilld though winter meet leese show substance still lives sweet
    68 tokens: let winters ragged hand deface thee thy summer ere thou distilld make sweet vial treasure thou place beautys treasure ere selfkilld forbidden usury happies pay willing loan thats thy self breed another thee ten times happier ten ten times thy self happier thou art ten thine ten times refigurd thee death thou shouldst depart leaving thee living posterity selfwilld thou art fair deaths conquest make worms thine heir
    64 tokens: lo orient gracious light lifts up burning head eye doth homage newappearing sight serving looks sacred majesty climbd steepup heavenly hill resembling strong youth middle age yet mortal looks adore beauty still attending golden pilgrimage highmost pitch weary car like feeble age reeleth day eyes fore duteous converted low tract look another way thou thyself outgoing thy noon unlookd diest unless thou get son
    70 tokens: music hear why hearst thou music sadly sweets sweets war joy delights joy why lovst thou thou receivst gladly else receivst pleasure thine annoy true concord welltuned sounds unions married offend thine ear sweetly chide thee confounds singleness parts thou shouldst bear mark string sweet husband another strikes mutual ordering resembling sire child happy mother pleasing note sing whose speechless song many seeming sings thee thou single wilt prove none
    70 tokens: fear wet widows eye thou consumst thy self single life ah thou issueless shalt hap die world wail thee like makeless wife world thy widow still weep thou form thee hast left behind every private widow well keep childrens eyes husbands shape mind look unthrift world doth spend shifts place still world enjoys beautys waste hath world end kept unused user destroys love toward others bosom sits murdrous shame commits
    69 tokens: shame deny thou bearst love thy self art unprovident grant thou wilt thou art belovd many thou none lovst evident thou art possessd murderous hate gainst thy self thou stickst conspire seeking beauteous roof ruinate repair thy chief desire o change thy thought change mind shall hate fairer lodgd gentle love thy presence gracious kind thyself least kindhearted prove make thee another self love beauty still live thine thee

Создайте кодировку слова.

enc = wordEncoding(documents)
enc = 
  wordEncoding with properties:

      NumWords: 3092
    Vocabulary: [1x3092 string]

Чтобы создать кодировку слова из встраивания слова, введите словарь встраивания слова в wordEncoding функция как список слов.

Загрузите предварительно обученное встраивание слов.

emb = fastTextWordEmbedding;

Извлеките словарь.

words = emb.Vocabulary;

Создайте кодировку слова с помощью словаря.

enc = wordEncoding(words)
enc = 
  wordEncoding with properties:

      NumWords: 999994
    Vocabulary: [1×999994 string]

Чтобы инициализировать соответствующий слой встраивания слов в нейронную сеть для глубокого обучения с весами встраивания слов, используйте word2vec функция для извлечения весов слоев и установки 'Weights' пара "имя-значение" wordEmbeddingLayer функция. Слой встраивания слов ожидает столбцы векторов слов, поэтому необходимо транспонировать выход word2vec функция.

dimension = emb.Dimension;
numWords = numel(words);

layer = wordEmbeddingLayer(dimension,numWords, ...
    'Weights',word2vec(emb,words)')
layer = 
  WordEmbeddingLayer with properties:

         Name: ''

   Hyperparameters
    Dimension: 300
     NumWords: 999994

   Learnable Parameters
      Weights: [300×999994 single]

  Show all properties

Загрузите данные примера. Файл sonnetsPreprocessed.txt содержит предварительно обработанные версии сонетов Шекспира. Файл содержит по одному сонету на линию со словами, разделенными пространством. Извлеките текст из sonnetsPreprocessed.txtразделите текст на документы в символах новой строки, а затем пометьте его токеном.

filename = "sonnetsPreprocessed.txt";
str = extractFileText(filename);
textData = split(str,newline);
documents = tokenizedDocument(textData);
documents(1:10)
ans = 
  10x1 tokenizedDocument:

    70 tokens: fairest creatures desire increase thereby beautys rose might never die riper time decease tender heir might bear memory thou contracted thine own bright eyes feedst thy lights flame selfsubstantial fuel making famine abundance lies thy self thy foe thy sweet self cruel thou art worlds fresh ornament herald gaudy spring thine own bud buriest thy content tender churl makst waste niggarding pity world else glutton eat worlds due grave thee
    71 tokens: forty winters shall besiege thy brow dig deep trenches thy beautys field thy youths proud livery gazed tatterd weed small worth held asked thy beauty lies treasure thy lusty days say thine own deep sunken eyes alleating shame thriftless praise praise deservd thy beautys thou couldst answer fair child mine shall sum count make old excuse proving beauty succession thine new made thou art old thy blood warm thou feelst cold
    65 tokens: look thy glass tell face thou viewest time face form another whose fresh repair thou renewest thou dost beguile world unbless mother fair whose uneard womb disdains tillage thy husbandry fond tomb selflove stop posterity thou art thy mothers glass thee calls back lovely april prime thou windows thine age shalt despite wrinkles thy golden time thou live rememberd die single thine image dies thee
    71 tokens: unthrifty loveliness why dost thou spend upon thy self thy beautys legacy natures bequest gives nothing doth lend frank lends free beauteous niggard why dost thou abuse bounteous largess thee give profitless usurer why dost thou great sum sums yet canst live traffic thy self alone thou thy self thy sweet self dost deceive nature calls thee gone acceptable audit canst thou leave thy unused beauty tombed thee lives th executor
    61 tokens: hours gentle work frame lovely gaze every eye doth dwell play tyrants same unfair fairly doth excel neverresting time leads summer hideous winter confounds sap checked frost lusty leaves quite gone beauty oersnowed bareness every summers distillation left liquid prisoner pent walls glass beautys effect beauty bereft nor nor remembrance flowers distilld though winter meet leese show substance still lives sweet
    68 tokens: let winters ragged hand deface thee thy summer ere thou distilld make sweet vial treasure thou place beautys treasure ere selfkilld forbidden usury happies pay willing loan thats thy self breed another thee ten times happier ten ten times thy self happier thou art ten thine ten times refigurd thee death thou shouldst depart leaving thee living posterity selfwilld thou art fair deaths conquest make worms thine heir
    64 tokens: lo orient gracious light lifts up burning head eye doth homage newappearing sight serving looks sacred majesty climbd steepup heavenly hill resembling strong youth middle age yet mortal looks adore beauty still attending golden pilgrimage highmost pitch weary car like feeble age reeleth day eyes fore duteous converted low tract look another way thou thyself outgoing thy noon unlookd diest unless thou get son
    70 tokens: music hear why hearst thou music sadly sweets sweets war joy delights joy why lovst thou thou receivst gladly else receivst pleasure thine annoy true concord welltuned sounds unions married offend thine ear sweetly chide thee confounds singleness parts thou shouldst bear mark string sweet husband another strikes mutual ordering resembling sire child happy mother pleasing note sing whose speechless song many seeming sings thee thou single wilt prove none
    70 tokens: fear wet widows eye thou consumst thy self single life ah thou issueless shalt hap die world wail thee like makeless wife world thy widow still weep thou form thee hast left behind every private widow well keep childrens eyes husbands shape mind look unthrift world doth spend shifts place still world enjoys beautys waste hath world end kept unused user destroys love toward others bosom sits murdrous shame commits
    69 tokens: shame deny thou bearst love thy self art unprovident grant thou wilt thou art belovd many thou none lovst evident thou art possessd murderous hate gainst thy self thou stickst conspire seeking beauteous roof ruinate repair thy chief desire o change thy thought change mind shall hate fairer lodgd gentle love thy presence gracious kind thyself least kindhearted prove make thee another self love beauty still live thine thee

Создайте кодировку слова. Отсортируйте индексы по частоте и закодируйте только 100 лучших слов.

enc = wordEncoding(documents, ...
    'Order','frequency', ...
    'MaxNumWords',100)
enc = 
  wordEncoding with properties:

      NumWords: 100
    Vocabulary: [1x100 string]

Просмотрите слова, соответствующие индексам 1, 2 и 3, используя ind2word функция.

idx = [1 2 3];
words = ind2word(enc,idx)
words = 1x3 string
    "thy"    "thou"    "love"

Загрузите данные примера. Файл sonnetsPreprocessed.txt содержит предварительно обработанные версии сонетов Шекспира. Файл содержит по одному сонету на линию со словами, разделенными пространством. Извлеките текст из sonnetsPreprocessed.txtразделите текст на документы в символах новой строки, а затем пометьте его токеном.

filename = "sonnetsPreprocessed.txt";
str = extractFileText(filename);
textData = split(str,newline);
documents = tokenizedDocument(textData);
documents(1:10)
ans = 
  10x1 tokenizedDocument:

    70 tokens: fairest creatures desire increase thereby beautys rose might never die riper time decease tender heir might bear memory thou contracted thine own bright eyes feedst thy lights flame selfsubstantial fuel making famine abundance lies thy self thy foe thy sweet self cruel thou art worlds fresh ornament herald gaudy spring thine own bud buriest thy content tender churl makst waste niggarding pity world else glutton eat worlds due grave thee
    71 tokens: forty winters shall besiege thy brow dig deep trenches thy beautys field thy youths proud livery gazed tatterd weed small worth held asked thy beauty lies treasure thy lusty days say thine own deep sunken eyes alleating shame thriftless praise praise deservd thy beautys thou couldst answer fair child mine shall sum count make old excuse proving beauty succession thine new made thou art old thy blood warm thou feelst cold
    65 tokens: look thy glass tell face thou viewest time face form another whose fresh repair thou renewest thou dost beguile world unbless mother fair whose uneard womb disdains tillage thy husbandry fond tomb selflove stop posterity thou art thy mothers glass thee calls back lovely april prime thou windows thine age shalt despite wrinkles thy golden time thou live rememberd die single thine image dies thee
    71 tokens: unthrifty loveliness why dost thou spend upon thy self thy beautys legacy natures bequest gives nothing doth lend frank lends free beauteous niggard why dost thou abuse bounteous largess thee give profitless usurer why dost thou great sum sums yet canst live traffic thy self alone thou thy self thy sweet self dost deceive nature calls thee gone acceptable audit canst thou leave thy unused beauty tombed thee lives th executor
    61 tokens: hours gentle work frame lovely gaze every eye doth dwell play tyrants same unfair fairly doth excel neverresting time leads summer hideous winter confounds sap checked frost lusty leaves quite gone beauty oersnowed bareness every summers distillation left liquid prisoner pent walls glass beautys effect beauty bereft nor nor remembrance flowers distilld though winter meet leese show substance still lives sweet
    68 tokens: let winters ragged hand deface thee thy summer ere thou distilld make sweet vial treasure thou place beautys treasure ere selfkilld forbidden usury happies pay willing loan thats thy self breed another thee ten times happier ten ten times thy self happier thou art ten thine ten times refigurd thee death thou shouldst depart leaving thee living posterity selfwilld thou art fair deaths conquest make worms thine heir
    64 tokens: lo orient gracious light lifts up burning head eye doth homage newappearing sight serving looks sacred majesty climbd steepup heavenly hill resembling strong youth middle age yet mortal looks adore beauty still attending golden pilgrimage highmost pitch weary car like feeble age reeleth day eyes fore duteous converted low tract look another way thou thyself outgoing thy noon unlookd diest unless thou get son
    70 tokens: music hear why hearst thou music sadly sweets sweets war joy delights joy why lovst thou thou receivst gladly else receivst pleasure thine annoy true concord welltuned sounds unions married offend thine ear sweetly chide thee confounds singleness parts thou shouldst bear mark string sweet husband another strikes mutual ordering resembling sire child happy mother pleasing note sing whose speechless song many seeming sings thee thou single wilt prove none
    70 tokens: fear wet widows eye thou consumst thy self single life ah thou issueless shalt hap die world wail thee like makeless wife world thy widow still weep thou form thee hast left behind every private widow well keep childrens eyes husbands shape mind look unthrift world doth spend shifts place still world enjoys beautys waste hath world end kept unused user destroys love toward others bosom sits murdrous shame commits
    69 tokens: shame deny thou bearst love thy self art unprovident grant thou wilt thou art belovd many thou none lovst evident thou art possessd murderous hate gainst thy self thou stickst conspire seeking beauteous roof ruinate repair thy chief desire o change thy thought change mind shall hate fairer lodgd gentle love thy presence gracious kind thyself least kindhearted prove make thee another self love beauty still live thine thee

Создайте кодировку слова.

enc = wordEncoding(documents)
enc = 
  wordEncoding with properties:

      NumWords: 3092
    Vocabulary: [1x3092 string]

Просмотрите слова, соответствующие индексам 1, 3 и 5, используя ind2word функция.

idx = [1 3 5];
words = ind2word(enc,idx)
words = 1x3 string
    "fairest"    "desire"    "thereby"

Загрузите данные примера. Файл sonnetsPreprocessed.txt содержит предварительно обработанные версии сонетов Шекспира. Файл содержит по одному сонету на линию со словами, разделенными пространством. Извлеките текст из sonnetsPreprocessed.txtразделите текст на документы в символах новой строки, а затем пометьте его токеном.

filename = "sonnetsPreprocessed.txt";
str = extractFileText(filename);
textData = split(str,newline);
documents = tokenizedDocument(textData);
documents(1:10)
ans = 
  10x1 tokenizedDocument:

    70 tokens: fairest creatures desire increase thereby beautys rose might never die riper time decease tender heir might bear memory thou contracted thine own bright eyes feedst thy lights flame selfsubstantial fuel making famine abundance lies thy self thy foe thy sweet self cruel thou art worlds fresh ornament herald gaudy spring thine own bud buriest thy content tender churl makst waste niggarding pity world else glutton eat worlds due grave thee
    71 tokens: forty winters shall besiege thy brow dig deep trenches thy beautys field thy youths proud livery gazed tatterd weed small worth held asked thy beauty lies treasure thy lusty days say thine own deep sunken eyes alleating shame thriftless praise praise deservd thy beautys thou couldst answer fair child mine shall sum count make old excuse proving beauty succession thine new made thou art old thy blood warm thou feelst cold
    65 tokens: look thy glass tell face thou viewest time face form another whose fresh repair thou renewest thou dost beguile world unbless mother fair whose uneard womb disdains tillage thy husbandry fond tomb selflove stop posterity thou art thy mothers glass thee calls back lovely april prime thou windows thine age shalt despite wrinkles thy golden time thou live rememberd die single thine image dies thee
    71 tokens: unthrifty loveliness why dost thou spend upon thy self thy beautys legacy natures bequest gives nothing doth lend frank lends free beauteous niggard why dost thou abuse bounteous largess thee give profitless usurer why dost thou great sum sums yet canst live traffic thy self alone thou thy self thy sweet self dost deceive nature calls thee gone acceptable audit canst thou leave thy unused beauty tombed thee lives th executor
    61 tokens: hours gentle work frame lovely gaze every eye doth dwell play tyrants same unfair fairly doth excel neverresting time leads summer hideous winter confounds sap checked frost lusty leaves quite gone beauty oersnowed bareness every summers distillation left liquid prisoner pent walls glass beautys effect beauty bereft nor nor remembrance flowers distilld though winter meet leese show substance still lives sweet
    68 tokens: let winters ragged hand deface thee thy summer ere thou distilld make sweet vial treasure thou place beautys treasure ere selfkilld forbidden usury happies pay willing loan thats thy self breed another thee ten times happier ten ten times thy self happier thou art ten thine ten times refigurd thee death thou shouldst depart leaving thee living posterity selfwilld thou art fair deaths conquest make worms thine heir
    64 tokens: lo orient gracious light lifts up burning head eye doth homage newappearing sight serving looks sacred majesty climbd steepup heavenly hill resembling strong youth middle age yet mortal looks adore beauty still attending golden pilgrimage highmost pitch weary car like feeble age reeleth day eyes fore duteous converted low tract look another way thou thyself outgoing thy noon unlookd diest unless thou get son
    70 tokens: music hear why hearst thou music sadly sweets sweets war joy delights joy why lovst thou thou receivst gladly else receivst pleasure thine annoy true concord welltuned sounds unions married offend thine ear sweetly chide thee confounds singleness parts thou shouldst bear mark string sweet husband another strikes mutual ordering resembling sire child happy mother pleasing note sing whose speechless song many seeming sings thee thou single wilt prove none
    70 tokens: fear wet widows eye thou consumst thy self single life ah thou issueless shalt hap die world wail thee like makeless wife world thy widow still weep thou form thee hast left behind every private widow well keep childrens eyes husbands shape mind look unthrift world doth spend shifts place still world enjoys beautys waste hath world end kept unused user destroys love toward others bosom sits murdrous shame commits
    69 tokens: shame deny thou bearst love thy self art unprovident grant thou wilt thou art belovd many thou none lovst evident thou art possessd murderous hate gainst thy self thou stickst conspire seeking beauteous roof ruinate repair thy chief desire o change thy thought change mind shall hate fairer lodgd gentle love thy presence gracious kind thyself least kindhearted prove make thee another self love beauty still live thine thee

Создайте кодировку слова.

enc = wordEncoding(documents)
enc = 
  wordEncoding with properties:

      NumWords: 3092
    Vocabulary: [1x3092 string]

Сопоставьте слова «роза», «любовь» и «красота» с индексами кодирования с помощью word2ind функция.

words = ["rose" "love" "beauty"];
idx = word2ind(enc,words)
idx = 1×3

     7   387    79

Загрузите данные заводских отчетов и создайте tokenizedDocument массив.

filename = "factoryReports.csv";
data = readtable(filename,'TextType','string');
textData = data.Description;
documents = tokenizedDocument(textData);

Создайте кодировку слова.

enc = wordEncoding(documents);

Преобразуйте документы в последовательности индексов слов.

sequences = doc2sequence(enc,documents);

Просмотрите размеры первых 10 последовательностей. Каждая последовательность является 1-by-S вектором, где S - количество индексов слов в последовательности. Поскольку последовательности заполнены, S является постоянным.

sequences(1:10)
ans=10×1 cell array
    {[           0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10]}
    {[  0 0 0 0 0 0 11 12 13 14 15 2 16 17 18 19 10]}
    {[    0 0 0 0 0 0 20 2 21 22 7 23 24 25 7 26 10]}
    {[        0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 28 6 7 18 10]}
    {[        0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 30 7 31 10]}
    {[    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 33 6 7 34 35 36 37 38 10]}
    {[      0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 40 36 41 6 7 42 10]}
    {[    0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 44 22 45 46 47 7 48 10]}
    {[      0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 50 17 7 51 48 10]}
    {[0 0 0 0 52 8 53 36 54 55 56 57 58 59 22 60 10]}

Введенный в R2018b
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